When the British government published its Industrial Strategy White Paper last November, one of the report’s major announcements was a £33m investment in a challenge designed to “bring creative businesses, researchers and technologists together to create striking new experiences that are accessible to the general public” using immersive technologies, such as AR and VR. The goal is to “create the next generation of products, services and experiences that will capture the world’s attention and position the UK as the global leader in immersive technologies.”

One of the people guiding the effort is Tom Fiddian, Innovation Lead at Innovate UK, with whom the AREA spoke recently. Innovate UK is the UK’s innovation agency, a non-governmental public body that seeks to “drive productivity and growth by supporting businesses to realize the potential of new technologies, develop ideas and make them a commercial success.”

“The general fund is looking at challenges that can be solved by innovation,” explained Fiddian. “My job is to look after the creative industries: publishing, art, culture, film, and music. Not often do we have such an opportunity, where an emerging technology is going to disrupt the market across so many different creative sectors.”

The government investment is being allocated to several areas.

“The vast majority of the money will be available for businesses to apply for under different headings, running large-scale demonstrations in the creative industries,” said Fiddian. “We’re also looking at lowering the cost of creating content to help grow the market.”

While the £33 million is earmarked for the creative industries and not Enterprise AR, the fact that the UK government is investing so significantly in AR and VR is a testament to how much the nation’s leaders view the importance of AR and VR to Britain’s future economic position in the world.

“This is all about expanding the general AR/VR market,” said Fiddian. “I have no doubt that, even though we are focused on the creative industries, the overspill of new technologies and new methodologies will benefit the enterprise AR market, as well.”

Proposals and business cases will be evaluated over the next several months. Fiddian expects specific announcements of projects being funded will be coming in April of this year.

Tom Fiddian noted that while Innovate UK has sponsored other projects that were more broadly focused on immersive technologies for the enterprise, this new challenge is capturing significant interest.

“With the size of the investment, it’s definitely putting AR and VR on the map,” he said.

The AREA recently distributed the products of its second AREA-funded research project, an ROI Calculator and Best Practice Report. Conducted by Strategy Analytics under the supervision of AREA member PEREY Research & Consulting, the research examined the approaches taken by market leaders that are identifying, prioritizing, and managing costs and returns on their AR investments.

The ROI Calculator and Best Practice Report are available exclusively to AREA members, but non-members can download an abstract of the Best Practice Report and a sample ROI Case Study here.

Based on interviews conducted with AREA members and members of the Strategy Analytics Enterprise Customer panel, the research report identifies five critical best practices for companies to follow in preparing and conducting successful ROI analyses for enterprise AR projects. Companies following these practices are able to articulate and explain technology spending that will aid in decision making, and to accrue the greatest measurable benefits from their AR investment over the long term.

Along with the best practice report, the AREA has produced an Excel spreadsheet that enables companies to enter variables and calculate the ROI for their AR projects following well-established methodologies used by financial analysts.

The spreadsheet walks the user through the process: establishing the business case; assessing AR solution costs; inputting business financial metrics. The ROI Calculator produces annual AR solution costs and benefits allocations and an ROI analysis and cost/benefit overview that reveals the cumulative net benefits over several years.

“Companies that follow these practices when undertaking ROI analysis on their AR projects will be able to articulate and explain technology spending,” said Christine Perey of PEREY Research & Consulting. “This will aid their decision making and enable them to accrue the greatest measurable benefits from their AR investments over the long term.”

Download your free copies of the Best Practice Report abstract and ROI Case Study here.   To obtain the full ROI Calculator and Best Practice Report – and enjoy a host of other benefits – join the AREA. Click here to learn more.

According to mathematical models, manufacturing processes can become highly data driven, nimble and responsive. People and equipment are deployed to optimize resources whenever shifts in demand, supply of components or materials, or currency exchanges reach thresholds. In practice, application of such models raises significant challenges.

In complex assembly lines such as for cars, companies seek to strike a balance between customization (made to order vehicles) and mass production. It’s not uncommon for a single assembly line to finish parts for different car models and colors. Dynamic, configurable equipment and workflows are easier to program and manage than in Henry Ford’s day, but they also introduce complexity into operations. Complexity introduces errors. And errors cause production delays, also known as downtime.

Improvements in operator training can reduce downtime but if employees must memorize complex steps that change frequently, it does not guarantee the best resource use. Delivering precise work instructions to the assembly line worker at the time of task performance and in the field of view of the user has enormous potential to bring the real world closer to the textbook models.

Projection Augmented Reality

Projection Augmented Reality is an alternative to tablets or smart glasses in some environments. The approach is well suited when the workplace is stationary (or on a moving assembly line) and the work tools or items on which a task is performed can be brought to the AR-enabled workstation.

One company providing projection AR capabilities is OPS Solutions. OPS Solutions works with automobile manufacturers such as Fiat Chrysler Automobiles to increase workplace efficiency and productivity. This article describes a study conducted with OPS’ flagship product Light Guide Systems (LGS), a projection AR solution that has been implemented within Chrysler’s manufacturing operations.

Manufacturing Study

LGS projects instructions (visual and audio) for guidance, pacing and direction on work surfaces, and provides feedback for improving industrial processes such as capturing cycle times for each step within manual processes including assembly, part knitting and training. In trials conducted with Chrysler in 2014, use of standard paper work instructions for complex tasks were compared with using LGS for the same tasks when training new operators. Ten operators were tasked with assembling gears and chains, a process totaling 10 steps for each operator. For each step, they had to select the correct gear corresponding to a location and diameter within a standard cycle time, and install the corresponding chains correctly. Lastly, they had to verify that the installation was done correctly.

Each operator had to do two different versions of each task, one using paper-based work instructions, and the other with LGS. Five operators started with paper and then switched to LGS, and the other five with LGS and then to paper.

The results of the study are conclusive, and the table below shows the efficiency of LGS in comparison to standard paper work instructions.

The 80% reduction in errors shows a marked improvement in quality. Reducing errors at one stage of an assembly line has great impact on costs, since faulty articles must be withdrawn further down the line and corrected in order to proceed with later stages of assembly.

The reduction in cycle times and increased throughput reflect efficiency and speed, as articles completed faster increase overall manufacturing productivity.

A similar study was done for logistics tasks, or kitting and sequencing of parts before reaching the assembly line. Associates had to select the correct subparts and put them in the appropriate bins on a cart, before wheeling the cart to the next stage of production. They used LGS to project selecting the correct quantities of parts and guiding the associates to place the parts in the correct bins based on a highly variable sequence that changes constantly in production.

The study similarly compared the efficiency of using projection Augmented Reality with that of paper work instructions. As shown in the table below, using projection AR greatly increased the associate’s efficiency and reduced errors.

In both the assembly and logistics studies, a further advantage of instructions displayed directly in the field of view is that the normal attention switching to refer to other sources of information such as paper or computer-based work instructions is eliminated, thereby reducing cognitive load and speeding up task execution.

A Leap in Productivity

Chrysler’s experience with projection Augmented Reality supplied by OPS reveals the potential this technology offers to boost employee productivity through:

• Increased quality and standardization of processes
• Training efficiency by enabling operators to self-train on the job
• Greater accountability through confirmations of successfully completed steps
• Feedback on completed tasks and cycle times

One byproduct of designing, installing and using projection AR is that the plant floor workflows and stations are reviewed and improved. Reconfiguring stations can increase efficiency with respect to material staging and ergonomics.

The new members come from every corner of the AR ecosystem, including app developers, interaction technology providers, manufacturing solutions providers, AR wearables manufacturers, and vertical industry solutions providers.

New Contributing Members include Crunchfish, Manufacturing Technology Centre (MTC), Mobiliya, Proceedix, and RealWear. The AREA has also welcomed four members in its recently-announced Startup level of membership: CrossComm, EyeSucceed, Iristick, and Pison.

“As Enterprise AR adoption grows, we are seeing more companies joining the AREA to forge connections, share information, and influence the future of the industry,” said Mark Sage, AREA Executive Director. “We welcome these new members to the alliance and look forward to supporting their needs and benefiting from their expertise.”

The AREA supports innovative companies pursuing AR initiatives that need a better understanding of the tools available, application possibilities, methods of implementation and return on investment. It provides a free and open exchange of best practices, lessons learned, and technological insights that can help enterprises effectively implement AR technology, boost operational efficiency and create long term benefit.

The AREA’s membership benefits include access to high-quality, vendor-neutral content and participation in various programs, a research framework to address key challenges shared by all members, discounts for fee-based events, and more. Sponsor members have a direct role in shaping the rapidly expanding AR industry and demonstrate their companies’ leadership and commitment to improving workplace performance.

About the new AREA members

Crunchfish

Crunchfish develops and markets software that creates new possibilities for interaction with mobile and wearable devices. The company enables gesture interaction in AR/VR environments and its mobile proximity technology creates innovative solutions for m-commerce, social apps and context independent information in AR smart glasses. Crunchfish technologies are licensed to hardware manufacturers and application developers and are currently available in millions of devices from global players. Crunchfish has been listed on Nasdaq First North since 2016. The company was founded in 2010 and is based in Sweden.

Manufacturing Technology Centre (MTC)

The vision of the MTC is to inspire Great British manufacturing on the global stage. The organization provides integrated manufacturing system solutions across a broad range of industries. One of seven High Value Manufacturing Catapult centres in the UK, the MTC is at the forefront of a number of innovative technologies including digital manufacturing, robotics and additive manufacturing. It is headquartered in Coventry, England.

Mobiliya

Mobiliya is a global engineering and design services company, enabling digital transformation for the world’s leading organizations, through disruptive technologies such as AR/VR, IoT and AI. Mobiliya develops innovative solutions to enhance training efficiency and field service productivity based on AR, focusing on industries such as healthcare, telecom, and manufacturing, where complex equipment and workflows are used. Mobiliya also offers content development services to convert available business content to create 3D models and animations for immersive experiences. Mobiliya’s AR360 solution platform shortens the time to market when creating AR-based field support applications, step-by-step guidance, troubleshooting and training that can be consumed on mobile devices, tablets and smart glasses. AR360´s content management system gives customers the ability to easily create and modify content without the need for software development, and to instantly publish it to authorized field users.

Proceedix

Proceedix offers a solution for easy and agile procedure management, made paperless and mobile. A Web-based content platform enables users to manage all their checklists and work instructions, making the execution of work instructions and inspections fully mobile and traceable while bringing organizations the benefits of powerful statistics. Proceedix software runs on Glass Enterprise Edition and Iristick’s smart safety glasses, tablet and mobile phone, enabling field experts or factory workers to work faster, more focused and hands-free. Proceedix is headquartered in Belgium.

RealWear

RealWear is a leader in ruggedized industrial wearables. Its flagship product, the HMT-1, is the world’s first industrial voice-driven, completely hands-free, head-mounted wearable computing device. RealWear recently received the Frost & Sullivan New Product Innovation Award for Industrial Wearables.

CrossComm

CrossComm is an award-winning mobile, web, and immersive app studio focused on leveraging innovative mobile and cloud-based app technologies to solve real-world problems. The company’s CrossComm Labs initiative explores practical applications of AR and Artificial Intelligence. Headquartered in Durham, North Carolina, CrossComm has deployed several mobile AR app solutions and is developing app solutions for HoloLens and other head-worn AR/MR devices.

EyeSucceed

EyeSucceed brings together the power of Augmented Reality and wearable technology to transform how the food industry addresses real-world challenges, such as high labor costs, employee training, and consistent execution. EyeSucceed is leveraging the power of AR for smart training, reducing labor costs, driving consistent execution, and improving food safety and quality.

Iristick

Based in Belgium, Iristick designs and manufactures smart glasses for industrial applications. Iristick glasses leverage the power of your existing mobile device and are distinguished by their exceptional performance, long battery life, rugged design, safety, and comfort.

Pison

Pison creates transformational human-computer interaction to expand the horizon of human capabilities. The company develops wearable devices that use biopotential on the surface of the skin as input, enabling intuitive and powerful gesture control of smart glasses and robotics. Vertically-integrated solutions combine hardware, software, machine learning, and UI for AR industries. Investors and partners include Oculus, MIT, Draper, and the National Science Foundation.

Projection Augmented Reality, sometimes also referred to as “spatial Augmented Reality,” is a method of delivering digital information to users within a stationary context. Target objects and users can move around in the environment, but the zone in which AR experiences take place is limited to the fields of view of both the fixed projector and supporting camera for tracking.

The first example of projection Augmented Reality was called the “Digital Desk.” In November 1991, within months of their contemporaries at Boeing, Tom Caudell and David Mizell, coining the term “Augmented Reality,” William Newman and Pierre Wellner, then researchers at University of Cambridge and Xerox EuroPARC, published a paper in the UIST 1991 conference proceedings called the DigitalDesk Calculator: Tangible Manipulation on a desktop display.

In this 8 minute video, Pierre Wellner explains the concept and demonstrates the working prototype of the first system.

How it Works

Projection Augmented Reality features one or more optical devices (projectors) that project a beam of light onto a specially designed work surface and in some cases directly on the parts on which a user is working. This provides immediate guidance for tasks and reduces the need to interrupt workflows to consult information elsewhere.

Workspaces for projection Augmented Reality also feature any of a variety of stationary cameras. Cameras are positioned to track objects with or without fiducials. Control of the workspace environment, such as lighting, reduce the computational complexity of the tracking algorithms.

Once configured, the projection Augmented Reality system can provide user instructions or assistance in a variety of media. For example, digital information can be:

• Text, for example, cycle time count down
• Images, for example, blueprints or simple directional arrows
• Animations
• Videos

Some systems also provide assistance by way of task-synchronized audio.

Benefits of Projection Augmented Reality

Projection Augmented Reality can offer the following benefits:

• Reduces or eliminates the need for computer monitors and screens, as the instructions appear directly in the task space.
• Reduces users’ cognitive load when following work instructions due to the fact that there is no need for “attention switching” between work instructions and the task at hand.
• Integrates into manual workflows by promoting a “no faults forward” policy to ensure and confirm correct execution of the preceding step.
• Provides feedback on completed tasks for process improvement, traceability and unique digital IDs for build cycles.

Use Cases

Projection Augmented Reality can optimize performance of some types of production and logistics tasks when the work can be performed at a station (rather than the user going to the workplace or moving around in a larger space).

Tasks that can benefit from projection Augmented Reality include:

• Assembly
• Disassembly
• Inspection
• Part knitting
• Sequencing
• Maintenance
• Tool changeovers
• Gauging
• Welding
• Wire harness routing
• Glue bead replacement
• Logistics (shipping and receiving)
• Inspection
• Training

Now Augmented Reality is getting the HBR spotlight in the November/December issue – and you can download a copy of the article HERE.

In it, noted strategist, author, and Bishop William Lawrence University Professor at the Harvard Business School, Michael Porter and Jim Heppelmann, president and CEO of AREA member PTC, provide business leaders with a comprehensive exploration of AR, from definition to applications to benefits.

“The title of the article says it all – Why Every Organization Needs an Augmented Reality Strategy,” noted Marc Schuetz of PTC, an AREA board member. “It makes a very strong case for how AR will change how we interact with the world around us.”

Jon Lang, lead principal business analyst at PTC, noted that the article is the third in a series written by Porter and Heppelmann. “In 2014, they wrote about smart, connected products and the Internet of Things. Next, they researched the organizational implications of smart, connected products and the data they produce on companies using or making these products. Now, in this third article, they discuss how AR is one of the best ways to channel the value of the data that smart, connected products create.”

As the article puts it, “AR enables a new information-delivery paradigm, which we believe will have a profound impact on how data is structured, managed, and delivered.”

Porter and Heppelmann highlight several real-life examples of AR applications, including AREA members Newport News Shipbuilding and Boeing. It discusses how Xerox used AR to improve field engineers’ first-time fix rates by 67% and how AR enabled KPN, a European telecommunications services provider, to reduce overall service team costs by 11%.

The article even comes with an AR experience accessible via an app download to give readers a first-hand sample of AR in action. Watch a video of the experience HERE.

PTC’s Jon Lang sees the HBR article as a great way to educate business leaders about AR. “Porter and Heppelmann make a compelling case for why this technology is so powerful and why executives should consider integrating it into their strategies now – because there are a lot of opportunities and the technology is ready today.”

Get your free copy of the article HERE.

In this podcast, Alex Gibson of 103.2 Dublin City fm reports from AWE Europe held in Munich, Germany on 19 & 20 October 2017. This is Europe’s largest gathering of Augmented and Virtual Reality professionals and among those interviewed are Mark Sage from The AREA (Augmented Reality for Enterprise Alliance) [at 15:35 into the show] and Ryan Pamplin, VP Evangalist from MetaVision who were showcasing their Meta 2 glasses.

How would you describe the state of the AR ecosystem today?

It’s a very exciting period within AR. We have big actors like Google and Apple pushing AR in their new devices and new tools like ARCore and ARKit. And from an industrial perspective, we see a lot of companies starting to see the potential AR can bring. But it’s still a challenge to connect these industry actors with providers of software and hardware to create a total solution.

As a technology provider, we play a role in several segments of this AR ecosystem, including device vendors, software vendors and system integrators, where we utilize our gesture control and proximity technology to enable features. It’s an exciting ecosystem but also an ecosystem that’s in an early stage and that need groups like the AREA. The AREA provides a meeting place for the different creators where they can share and jointly develop these new solutions.

What do you think are the major obstacles to widespread AR adoption now?

There are several things. It is largely a matter of getting the industry know-how to where this new technology can make a difference. From a technology solution perspective, we not only need to provide the hardware or software solutions, but also to map them to the needs of the industry, which is a very complex environment. We need to get these two worlds to meet.

Second, it’s still early days from a hardware perspective. We are building these new devices based on components from the mobile world or other electronics areas, rather than designing them from scratch. We will need to come further in terms of battery life, design, performance, and the comfort of wearing these devices. There are a lot of things that need further improvement to really take off and meet the demands of the industry.

From a software perspective, of course, there are improvements needed as well. We are trying to contribute from our end on the interaction part, which I also think is very important, so that you can interact with these new wearable solutions in the way that’s needed. The methods you use, and the way it is done, are very important for the overall uptake on the end user side. At the end of the day, AR will really take off when we can get people to use wearables as part of their working environment and help them to get the “superpowers” these products can provide.

How important is gesture technology to the development and adoption of AR?

It is crucial, because we are providing the user with a new dimension. Designing for immersive environments is fundamentally different than designing for 2D flat screens. We’ve done a lot of studies into the development of user interfaces for AR solutions. To interact in three dimensions, you need a method that provides the capabilities you expect as a user, like interacting with objects and moving them around, and gestures can do exactly that.

Our mobile proximity technology provides another important part of the user experience, by providing contextual awareness – a key technology to secure information relevance and efficient information exchange when performing tasks. We’re looking at a paradigm shift within UI in AR within the next two years. Our contribution is to provide the means for the touchless interaction and contextual awareness part and making that possible in AR.

What can you tell us about the future of gesture technology in augmented reality?

The limitations are hardware currently. We can use a number of different sensors to enable gesture control, but most AR glasses and mobile solutions are based on 2D standup camera sensors. That limits the way in which we interact with gestures, especially in three dimensions. So, looking forward I expect there will come more advanced sensors in these devices that provide you the depth map, the third dimension of information, that is needed to interpret gestures in all three dimensions. With that in place, we can go from having gestures as a menu-driven, pick-and-choose interaction, to manipulating the environment you are working in with AR. That will be a huge change. Back to this paradigm shift, AR is one part of that shift but also the shades of interaction and how you build user experience and the user interface will be completely different in a few years, which will totally change the appearance of these solutions.

How do you expect to benefit from being a member of the AREA, and which AREA activities might Crunchfish be involved in?

We are very much looking forward to being an active member in driving the user experience aspect of AR. I think we can contribute quite a lot in this space. For the last seven years, we have been working with gesture interaction and user experiences in mobile devices, and lately in virtual reality headsets and augmented reality glasses. Since 2014, we have been working on our mobile proximity technology that provides contextual awareness between entities such as smartphones, wearables, machines, physical areas and vehicles. In a defined “proximity bubble,” our technology enables these entities to seamlessly discover, connect and share information with each other. Besides contributing our user experience expertise, we will certainly gain valuable insights about enterprise challenges and barriers for AR adoption from our fellow AREA members. We’re excited about getting to know and work with pioneers and innovators in the industry.

Highlighted snippets from the article include:

1. The bigger promise for AR (as opposed to the consumer market) which is estimated to become a $49 billion market by 2021, is for the professional hands-on workforce: Access to information and assistance on the go can make a huge difference in speed and efficiency.
2. General Electric is one of several companies quietly testing AR technology as a method for improving productivity and reducing errors.
3. Jay Kim’s comments focus on the excitement that was seized upon by early adopters wanting to make a difference to enterprises where real impact could be felt. “In an increasingly competitive global economic landscape, enterprise buyers look at every edge they can attain to maintain their competitive advantage over others,” Kim says.
4. Another AREA member, Lockheed Martin, is mentioned for their development of mixed reality in the aerospace industry.
5. According to a Forrester Research study, an estimated 14.4 million US workers will be wearing smart glasses in the workplace by 2025.
6. Earlier this year, Google Glass returned with an Enterprise Editionthat fixed many of the technical flaws of the initial product. It can now be tacked on safety glasses, making it suitable for more work environments.

The full article can be read here.

In response to growing concerns, previously documented in this series of blog articles, regarding the risks of deploying Augmented Reality (AR) solutions in enterprise environments to enterprise data security, the Augmented Reality for Enterprise Alliance (AREA) commissioned the first in-depth study of security-related issues that could impact the deployment and widespread adoption of wearable enterprise AR solutions.

AREA members are now able to benefit from the research results through use of two exclusive reports. The first, entitled Wearable Enterprise AR Security – Risks and Management, offers a validated, comprehensive approach for assessing data vulnerabilities and formulating risk mitigation plans. The second report, Wearable Enterprise AR – Security Framework and Test Protocol, provides a structured framework for AREA members to characterize the security threats associated with wearables and to assess major vulnerabilities against that framework. The test protocol also identifies key metrics for measuring real-world risks.

An executive summary, including the key findings published in the first AREA research report is available for public download. Both full reports are available exclusively to AREA members. To learn more about becoming a member and the benefits of membership, please contact Mark Sage, the AREA Executive Director.